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Theory of quantum radiation observed as sonoluminescence
Claudia Eberlein
abstract: Sonoluminescence is explained in terms of quantum radiation by moving
interfaces between media of different polarizability. In a stationary
dielectric the zero-point fluctuations of the electromagnetic field excite
virtual two-photon states which become real under perturbation due to motion of
the dielectric. The sonoluminescent bubble is modelled as an optically empty
cavity in a homogeneous dielectric. The problem of the photon emission by a
cavity of time-dependent radius is handled in a Hamiltonian formalism which is
dealt with perturbatively up to first order in the velocity of the bubble
surface over the speed of light. A parameter-dependence of the zero-order
Hamiltonian in addition to the first-order perturbation calls for a new
perturbative method combining standard perturbation theory with an adiabatic
approximation. In this way the transition amplitude from the vacuum into a
two-photon state is obtained, and expressions for the single-photon spectrum
and the total energy radiated during one flash are given both in full and in
the short-wavelengths approximation when the bubble is larger than the
wavelengths of the emitted light. It is shown analytically that the spectral
density has the same frequency-dependence as black-body radiation; this is
purely an effect of correlated quantum fluctuations at zero temperature. The
present theory clarifies a number of hitherto unsolved problems and suggests
explanations for several more. Possible experiments that discriminate this from
other theories of sonoluminescence are proposed.
- oai_identifier:
- oai:arXiv.org:quant-ph/9506024
- categories:
- quant-ph cond-mat hep-th
- comments:
- Latex file, 28 pages, postscript file with 3 figs. attached
- doi:
- 10.1103/PhysRevA.53.2772
- arxiv_id:
- quant-ph/9506024
- journal_ref:
- Phys.Rev.A53:2772-2787,1996
- report_no:
- P-95-06-039
- created:
- 1995-06-15
Full article ▸
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