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| related topics |
| {key, protocol, security} |
| {photon, photons, single} |
| {alice, bob, state} |
| {information, entropy, channel} |
| {measurement, state, measurements} |
| {states, state, optimal} |
| {bell, inequality, local} |
| {entanglement, phys, rev} |
| {cos, sin, state} |
| {state, states, coherent} |
| {algorithm, log, probability} |
| {equation, function, exp} |
| {state, algorithm, problem} |
| {state, phys, rev} |
| {let, theorem, proof} |
| {error, code, errors} |
| {time, decoherence, evolution} |
| {light, field, probe} |
|
Security of Quantum Key Distribution with Entangled Photons Against
Individual Attacks
Edo Waks, Assaf Zeevi, Yoshihisa Yamamoto
abstract: Security of the Ekert protocol is proven against individual attacks where an
eavesdropper is allowed to share any density matrix with the two communicating
parties. The density matrix spans all of the photon number states of both
receivers, as well as a probe state of arbitrary dimensionality belonging to
the eavesdropper. Using this general eavesdropping strategy, we show that the
Shannon information on the final key, after error correction and privacy
amplification, can be made exponentially small. This is done by finding a bound
on the eavesdropper's average collision probability. We find that the average
collision probability for the Ekert protocol is the same as that of the BB84
protocol for single photons, indicating that there is no analog in the Ekert
protocol to photon splitting attacks. We then compare the communication rate of
both protocols as a function of distance, and show that the Ekert protocol has
potential for much longer communication distances, up to 170km, in the presence
of realistic detector dark counts and channel loss. Finally, we propose a
slightly more complicated scheme based on entanglement swapping that can lead
to even longer distances of communication. The limiting factor in this new
scheme is the fiber loss, which imposes very slow communication rates at longer
distances.
- oai_identifier:
- oai:arXiv.org:quant-ph/0012078
- categories:
- quant-ph
- comments:
- 28 pages
- arxiv_id:
- quant-ph/0012078
- created:
- 2000-12-15
Full article ▸
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