COMP 557 - Fall 2010 - Assignment 2
Perspective Projection Frustums, Depth of Field, and Anaglyphs

In this assignment you will use projection frustums to draw a scene with blur due to depth of field, and to draw anaglyphs that allow for 3D viewing with inexpensive colour filter glasses.

Provided Code

Download the sample code from WebCT. It is a working program that will display a small test scene (you can change the scene if you like). You will need to add the jogl, vecmath, and mintools jars to your project. The sample code zip file contains only one class.

The sample code has several drawing modes which you change by entering numbers 1 through 7. They are as follows:

1. The world view (default) where you can use the trackball to see the scene, the location of your frustums (as shown top right of this assignment).
2. The view from the eye that lies on the z axis.
3. The blurred depth of field view from the eye that lies on the z axis.
4. The view from the left eye.
5. The view from the right eye.
6. An anaglyph showing both left and right eyes in the same image.
7. The combination of a depth of field blur for each eye show as an anaglyph.

The first mode is the only mode that exists in the sample code. You need to implement the others in the steps and objectives listed below. To help with testing your assignment at the different steps, you will be using Parameters for various values, such as the eye position, and the near and far planes (and many values). You should notice that the provided code already uses the DoubleParameter class from the mintools jar. It creates a window with controls for each of the parameters. When you call the getValue method of a given parameter, you get the current value which is set in the interface. You will also find IntParameter useful for setting the number of samples in your rendering of blur, BooleanParameter will be useful for enabling or disabling drawing of viewing frustums. See the comments in the provided code.

Note that the current version of the mintools jar has a bug in that the interface window initially shows all the sliders in the middle position (i.e., a position that does not reflect their current value). You will receive an updated jar to fix this problem.

You will want to use the following OpenGL calls to complete the assignment:

• glFrustum

  You will need to set up several projection frustums by specifying the left right top and bottom positions of the near plane, and the position of near and far planes.

• glAccum

  For depth of field, you will render the scene multiple times with slightly different viewing frustums, and blend the results. The accumulation buffer is a convenient mechanism for donig this. If you're blending N images together, use glAccum( GL.GL_LOAD, 1f/N ) to load the first image into the accumulation buffer, and then gl.glAccum( GL.GL_ACCUM, 1f/N ) to add the contribution of the other renders. Remember to use glClear before drawing each image, and use gl.glAccum( GL.GL_RETURN, 1 ) to copy the result back into the frame buffer once you're finished all rendering passes.

• glColorMask

  When drawing an anaglyph, you will want to draw one image for the left eye, and a different image for the right eye. With glColorMask you can enable or disable writing to different components of the frame buffer. There are four components: red, green, blue, and alpha. The alpha channel is used for transparency and should always be enabled to allow for colour blending. Thus, to draw only the red channel, call gl.glColorMask( true, false, false, true ) before rendering the scene. To draw an image into the green and blue chanells (cyan), then call gl.glColorMask( false, true, true, true ), clear the buffer with glClear, and draw the scene again with the projection matrix for the other eye. Different glasses will have different filters so you'll have to choose your colour masks according to those that you're using (e.g., red/blue, red/cyan, or green/magenta, where magenta is blue and red combined, and cyan is blue and green combined).

• glGetFloatv

  You need to draw frustums in this assignment, and since you will likely find it easier to use glFrustum to set up the projection matrix, you will also want to use glGetFloatv (with either GL_MODELVIEW_MATRIX or GL_PROJECTION_MATRIX) to get a copy of this matrix in a Java array. You can use the provided copyMatrixToFlat and copyFlatToMatrix to convert between this row column OpenGL format and a vecmath Matrix4f. You'll use the inverse of your projection matrix, combined with glutWireCube(2) to draw the frustum.

In each step, you should be able to visually verify that your implementation is working correctly.

1. Draw Screen Rectangle and Eye Point

   Draw a white rectangle in the xy plane centered at the origin using GL_LINE_LOOP. The x and y dimension should be equal to the width and height of the display window in meters. Getting the screen dimensions approximately correct is important for correct 3D viewing, so you'll want to measure the width of your screen with a ruler and set the variable metersPerPixel appropriately (see the commented code).

   Draw a white sphere at the position of the eye using glutSolidSphere. Note that with lighting disabled, it should just look like a white circle, i.e., no shading. The radius should be 0.0125 meters to approximate the size of the human eye. Call getValue on the eyeZPosition member variable to find out where to draw the eye on the z axis.

2. Draw Frustum (2 marks)

   In this step, you will want to create a projection matrix using glFrustum that will be needed to project points on the screen. The near and far parameters should be used to compute the near and far plane positions. Notice that these near and far plane positions are specified with respect to the origin, so you'll need to add the eye position to compute the value to pass to glFrustum. The motivation for defining these parameters in world space is that they don't depend on anything. That is, when in mode 1, world viewing mode, you can easily change the eye distance while leaving the near and far planes fixed with respect to the screen rectangle.

   Note that since you must provide left, right, top and bottom of the near plane, you will need to compute appropriate values to take into account the position of the near plane with respect to the screen rectangle (i.e., the screen rectangle should exactly fit inside your frustum).

   Use the technique described in the assignment introduction to draw a white wire frustum when drawCenterEyeFrustum is true. For instance, you might first do a glPushMatrix, load the identity, set up your frustum, then extract it with getDoublev, and then pop your changes off the stack; then invert your matrix and put the inverse on the stack along with any necessary translation to accommodate the eye position, and draw a wire cube size 2 to show the region that will be projected to normalized device coordinates.

   You should also now implement viewing mode 2 which shows the result of using this frustum. The easiest thing to do is overwrite the opengl projection and modelview matrices to be your projection and viewing transformation (i.e., the translation to the eye position).

3. Focal Plane Rectangle (2 marks)

   Draw a grey rectangle to represent the focal plane. The focal plane is in the xy plane, and at a displacement in z from the origin specified by the focalPlaneZPosition parameter. You need to compute the left, right, top, and bottom coordinates of the focal plane so that it exactly fits inside your frustum. Try moving your focal plane to different distances. Note that you should be able to place it beyond your far plane, or in front of your near plane.

4. Eye Position Offset (2 marks)

   In this step, you will use the x and y offset parameters eyeXOffset and eyeYOffset to create a frustum at an eye position that is displaced from its position on the z axis. The idea is to explore the frustums which keep the focal plane rectangle fixed while using different eye positions. In the next step, you'll average together images created from many nearby eye positions while keeping the focal plane fixed in order to create an image with a depth of field effect. The purpose of this step is to make sure that you're frustum is correct before proceeding.

   Adjust your eye and frustum drawing code from previous steps to account for the displaced eye position. Compute left, right, top, and bottom values to pass to glFrustum to create the correct frustum which always contains the focal plane. Test your code by moving the focal plane and the eye offsets, and convincing yourself that it is doing the right thing.

5. Depth of Field Blur

   Implement viewing mode 3 by averaging multiple renders of the scene with the accumulation buffer. Use the samples parameter to get an integer number of samples to use in each axis direction, and use the apertureSize parameter as the width and height of the region in which you move the eye position. So with samples set to 3, you will render and average 9 images. Note that while using a square aperture is easiest, you could also sample in a region of a different shape.

6. Draw Left and Right Eyes

   This step can be done independently of steps 3, 4, and 5. For this objective you must create frustums for left and right eyes. You should display both eye positions and their frustums in the same way as in step 2, but only if drawEyeFrustums is true. The frustums should be colour coded according to the glasses that you are using, so if the filter for your left eye is red, then you should draw the left eye frustum and left eye position in red.

   The frustums should both contain the screen rectangle, thus you'll need to compute correct left, right, bottom, and top values for each. The eyeDisparity parameter should be used to set the distance between the eyes (default of 63 mm), so the left eye should be half this distance in the negative x direction, while the right eye should be half this distance in the positive x direction (i.e., the center point between the eyes lies on the z axis).

   Note that if we were able to track the eyes, then we might want to use the known position of each eye in setting up the frustum. However, we will just assume that the viewer is sitting exactly in front of the screen at a distance from the screen specified by eyeZPosition.

   Test that your frustums are correct by adjusting the near plane, and by viewing the resulting images with viewing mode 4 and 5.

7. Anaglyphs

   Combine the images you render for mode 4 and 5 by using the appropriate glColorMask calls. Test your image using colour glasses. You should be able to make objects appear both behind and in front of the screen. Be sure you do not have your left and right eyes reversed! The eyeDisparity parameter value should always be a positive number.

8. Anaglyphs with Defocus (optional, 5% bonus)

   Combine your efforts in the previous step to create anaglyphs where the left and right images have blur due to depth of field. The trick is to define your frustums correctly. The offsets you use to create the blurred image need to keep the focal plane rectangle fixed, but this focal plane rectangle is different for each eye as it is defined by the eye position and the screen rectangle position.

9. Readme File (0 marks, yet not optional)

   Create a readme.txt or readme.pdf file to submit with your assignment. The readme should include any comments you have with respect to the assignment, and describes anything you deem to be noteworthy. Try to be brief!

Great! Be sure your name and student number is in the window title, in your readme, and in the top comments section of each of your source files.

Submit your source code as a zip file via webCT. Include a readme.txt or readme.pdf file with your comments. Be sure to check that your submission is correct by downloading your submission from WebCT. You cannot receive any marks for assignments with missing or corrupt files!

Note that you are encouraged to discuss assignments with your classmates, but not to the point of sharing code and answers. All code and written answers must be your own.